| 1．Goryōkaku | ||||||
| Goryōkaku (五稜郭, lit. 'five-point fort') is a star fort in the Japanese city of Hakodate on the island of Hokkaido.[1][2] The fortress was completed in 1866. It was the main headquarters of the short-lived Republic of Ezo. | ||||||
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| Type： Star fort Builder ： 1866 Buildyear ： Takeda Ayasaburō | ||||||
| 2．Shinoridate | ||||||
| The site of Shinoridate (志苔館跡, Shinoridate ato) in Hakodate, Hokkaidō, Japan, is that once occupied by the Shinori Fort or Fortified Residence (as denoted by the tate or date ending). This was the easternmost of the so-called "Twelve Garrisons of Southern Hokkaido", built on the Oshima Peninsula by the Wajin from the fourteenth century.[1][2] The site was designated a National Historic Site in 1934 and is one of the Japan Castle Foundation's Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles.[3][4] | ||||||
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| Type： Fortified residence | ||||||
| 3．Shiryōkaku | ||||||
| Shiryōkaku (四稜郭) (literally, "four-point fort") is a fort in the city of Hakodate in southern Hokkaidō, Japan. It was constructed in April 1869, during the Battle of Hakodate, three kilometres to the northeast of Goryōkaku by two hundred soldiers of the former Tokugawa shogunate and a hundred local villagers, likely under the direction of Ōtori Keisuke.[1] Shiryōkaku has four bastions , and is sometimes known as the "butterfly fort" as opposed to the "star fort".[1] | ||||||
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| 4．Benten Daiba | ||||||
| Benten Daiba (弁天台場) was a key fortress of the Republic of Ezo in 1868–1869. It was located at the entrance of the bay of Hakodate, in the northern island of Hokkaidō, Japan. Benten Daiba was built by the Japanese architect Takeda Ayasaburō on the site formerly occupied by a shrine to Benten, the goddess of fortune. Much of the remnants of the famous Shinsengumi fought their last battle and surrendered there. | ||||||
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| Type： Fortress Buildyear ： Takeda Ayasaburō | ||||||
| 5．Nemuro Peninsula Chashi Sites | ||||||
| Nemuro Peninsula Chashi Sites (根室半島チャシ跡群, Nemuro hantō chashi ato-gun) is a grouping of twenty-four Ainu chashi on the Nemuro Peninsula in Nemuro, Hokkaidō, Japan that have been jointly designated a national Historic Site, out of a total of thirty-two chashi sites identified in the city. The grouping is also the first entry on the Japan Castle Foundation's 2006 list of Japan's Top 100 Castles. Typically found at elevations of 5 metres (16 ft) to 50 metres (160 ft) above sea level, they are mostly situated on bluffs overlooking the Sea of Okhotsk, reinforced with U-shaped or semicircular moats. Relative to many of those elsewhere on the island, their state of preservation is good. They are thought to date from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, and are associated with the 1789 Menashi–Kunashir rebellion.[1][2][3][4] | ||||||
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| Type： Chashi | ||||||
| 6．Matsumae Castle | ||||||
| Matsumae Castle (松前城, Matsumae-jō) is a castle located in Matsumae in Hokkaidō, Japan, and is the northernmost castle in Japan.[1] The only traditional style Edo period castle in Hokkaidō, it was the chief residence of the han (estate) of the Matsumae clan. | ||||||
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| Type： Hirajiro (flatland castle) Builder ： 1606 Buildyear ： Matsumae clan | ||||||
| 7．Katsuyama Date | ||||||
| Katsuyama Date (勝山館, Katsuyama-Date) is the remains of a castle or fortified residence in Hiyama, Hokkaido, Japan.[1][2] It is believed the castle was built by Takeda Nobuhiro in the 15th century.[3] The castle is now only ruins, just some remnants of moats and earthen walls. Its ruins have been protected as a National Historic Site, since 1977.[4] Katsuyama Date was listed as one of the Continued 100 Fine Castles of Japan in 2017.[5] | ||||||
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| Type： Yamajiro-style castle Builder ： 15c Buildyear ： Takeda Nobuhiro | ||||||
| 8．Twelve Garrisons of Southern Hokkaido | ||||||
| The Twelve Garrisons of Southern Hokkaido (Japanese: 道南十二館, "Twelve Garrisons of the Southern Circuit") was a general term encompassing the Japanese feudal possessions in southern Ezo (now Hokkaido). The names come from the "Shinra no Kiroku" which describes the history of the Matsumae Domain. It is distributed along the southern coastline of the Oshima peninsula facing the Tsugaru Strait, from the Shimosa Garrison in Hakodate to Hanazawa Garrison in Kaminokuni. These garrisons were possessed by the Ando clan and were important sites for trade between Japanese merchants and the indigenous Ainu. | ||||||
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